What is a Burbot?
The burbot (Lota lota) is a member of the cod family and is the only species of freshwater cod in North America. With a long, slender body, a single barbel under the chin, and a large head, burbot are easily identifiable. These fish thrive in cold, deep waters, often in lakes or rivers, and are especially active during the winter months when other fish species are less active.
Their elusive nature and preference for deeper, colder waters can make them tricky to catch, but with the right knowledge and technique, you’ll be able to land one of these slippery beauties in no time.
Where to Fish for Burbot
Burbot can be found in cold-water lakes, rivers, and reservoirs, often in depths ranging from 10 to 100 feet. Some of the best fishing spots include:
- Northern Lakes and Rivers: Burbot are common in the Great Lakes, northern New England, the upper Midwest, and parts of Alaska and Canada.
- Deep Pools and Sheltered Areas: During the daytime, burbot typically reside in deeper waters but move closer to shore during the night to feed.
- Winter Fishing: Burbot are most active in winter, particularly during the ice fishing season, which is when they are easiest to target.
Best Time to Fish for Burbot
The ideal time to fish for burbot is during the winter months, particularly from late fall to early spring. They are most active during the night, making nighttime fishing essential to increase your chances of success. In the winter, burbot tend to move closer to shore and become more aggressive in their feeding behavior.
Essential Gear for Burbot Fishing
When it comes to gear, burbot fishing doesn’t require a lot of specialized equipment, but there are a few essentials that will increase your chances of landing one.
Rod and Reel
A medium to heavy rod, around 7 to 9 feet long, will give you enough power to reel in burbot. You’ll need a spinning reel or baitcasting reel capable of handling the weight of burbot, as they can grow quite large. Ensure the reel has a smooth drag system for better control.
Line
Opt for a braided line (10 to 20-pound test) for better sensitivity and strength. If you’re fishing in deep waters, you’ll also want to consider using a fluorocarbon leader to reduce visibility and increase stealth.
Bait and Lures
Burbot are opportunistic feeders, meaning they’ll eat a variety of prey, including fish, invertebrates, and even smaller fish. Here are some great bait and lure options:
- Live Bait: Burbot are particularly attracted to live fish like minnows or suckers, which can be fished on the bottom of the lake.
- Dead Bait: If live bait is hard to come by, dead bait such as cut-up fish or fish heads will also work well.
- Lures: Jigging lures or large spoons can be effective, especially when fished in deep waters or near the bottom.
Ice Fishing Gear (if applicable)
If you’re fishing through the ice, you’ll need an auger to drill a hole, as well as an ice shelter to stay warm during long hours on the ice. A tip-up or jigging rod works well for targeting burbot under the ice.
Techniques for Burbot Fishing
Ice Fishing
Ice fishing for burbot is a popular method because of their winter activity. Start by drilling a hole in areas known for burbot activity. Drop your bait to the bottom and use a slow jigging motion to entice the burbot. It’s important to let the bait rest on the bottom for a few seconds before moving it again, as burbot often feed near the lake or riverbed.
Night Fishing
Since burbot are nocturnal, nighttime is the best time to catch them. Fishing near shorelines during the night is ideal. Use a flashlight or headlamp to illuminate your bait, which will attract the burbot to it. Make sure to keep your bait on or near the bottom for maximum effectiveness.
Jigging
Jigging is another excellent method for burbot fishing. You can use a heavy jigging spoon or a soft plastic bait on a jighead to mimic small fish. Drop the lure to the bottom and gently lift it up and down, enticing the burbot with movement.
Bottom Fishing
Since burbot are bottom-dwelling fish, bottom fishing is highly effective. Drop your bait directly to the bottom and wait for a bite. When you feel a pull, wait for the fish to fully take the bait before setting the hook.
Handling and Cleaning Burbot
Once you’ve successfully caught a burbot, it’s important to handle them carefully. They have soft skin, so avoid grabbing them too tightly. If you plan on keeping the fish, it’s best to use a fish cooler or live well to keep them fresh until you’re ready to clean them.
To clean burbot, make an incision behind the gills and cut along the spine to remove the fillets. Burbot have a firm, white flesh that is similar to cod and is prized for its mild flavor. You can cook it in various ways, from baking to frying, and it’s often compared to other cold-water fish like walleye.
Tips for Successful Burbot Fishing
- Stay Patient: Burbot fishing requires patience. It may take time for them to bite, so be ready to settle in for the long haul, especially when fishing at night or in deep waters.
- Use a Fish Finder: A fish finder can help you locate burbot in deep waters, increasing your chances of success.
- Be Quiet: Burbot are sensitive to noise, especially during the night. Be sure to keep noise levels low and avoid making sudden movements.
- Follow Local Regulations: Always check local fishing regulations for burbot. Certain areas may have restrictions on fishing seasons or size limits.
Conclusion
Burbot fishing may seem challenging at first, but with the right techniques and gear, it can be an immensely rewarding experience. Whether you’re fishing in the cold depths of winter or under the stars at night, this unique fish offers plenty of excitement for anglers of all skill levels. So, grab your gear, pick a spot, and get ready to reel in one of the most interesting fish in freshwater waters. Happy fishing!
